Endocrine Abstracts

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones, products of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Synthetic GCs, such as dexamethasone, have been widely used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis or asthma, but their long-term use causes severe side effects (osteoporosis, diabetes, hypertension, etc). The ligand-bound GC receptor (GR) can activate gene expression via binding to GC response elements (GREs), a mechanism known as transactiva...

Introduction: Type 1 gastric endocrine tumors (T1-GET) incidence is increasing world while mainly due to widespread use of upper endoscopy. Autoimmune disease (AID) is the hallmark of T1-GET, pernicious anemia is often found at presentation. Association with lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT) has been described.Aims: Retrospective evaluation of GET data from patients (pts) followed at IPO-Porto, including the presence of other AID with emphasis to LT.<p cl...

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are used to treat inflammatory diseases because they downregulate expression of numerous inflammatory mediators. This is at least partly achieved through functional interference of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) with transcription factors such as NF-κB (transrepression). On the other hand, activation of transcription by GR is responsible for some of the side effects of GCs. Efforts to improve the safety profile of GCs are focused on the identificat...

Introduction: Parathyroidectomy is the only curative treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) and has been traditionally performed through bilateral neck exploration (BNE). However, with the use of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) assay along with preoperative localization exams, minimally invasive surgery can be performed with good surgical success rate.Aim: To evaluate the usefulness of IOPTH assay in guiding adequate parathyroidectom...

Introduction: Hypoparathyroidism (hypoPTH) is one of the most feared iatrogenic complications of the surgical treatment for thyroid cancer (TC). Despite supplementation with calcium salts and calcitriol, hypoPTH seems to be associated with a negative impact on quality of life (QoL), which has not been evaluated in the Portuguese patients.Objectives: To evaluate the impact of hypoPTH on the QoL of Portuguese patients with TC and its correlation with serum...

Introduction: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor (1-2% of all thyroid carcinomas), which arises from calcitonin-producing C cells. Calcitonin (CT) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) are used as tumor markers in the follow-up of patients with MTC. Non-secretory forms of MTC are very rare, accounting for less than 1% of the cases.Case Report: A 53-year-old man underwent left thyroid lobectomy for a 1.1 cm thyroid nodule subjec...

Introduction: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with poor prognosis. Objective: The aim of this study is to characterize patients with ACC followed at a tertiary center. Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of clinical records of patients with histopathological diagnosis of ACC followed in our clinic. Results and conclusions: We reviewed 11 patients. The average age at diagnosis was 57.3±15.2 years and 63.6% were females. Seven patients...

Introduction: Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in the outpatient setting and is a frequent endocrine disorder. Large cohort studies of pHPT patients in the Portuguese population are scarce. Aim: To characterize patients with pHPT followed at a tertiary center.Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of clinical records of patients with pHPT followed in our hospital from 2003 to 2021. ...

Introduction: Cushing’s disease (CD) is rare in children. It’s most common clinical manifestations are growth retardation, changes in pubertal development and weight gain. The diagnosis, based on clinical suspicion, is often hampered by the non identification of the microadenoma in MRI.Clinical history: A 14-year-old male patient, with short stature, growth arrest after 12 years and weight gain since age of 9. At physical examination, he had mo...

Introduction: Therapeutic approach of patients (pts) with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) may include the use of biological agents such as m-TOR inhibitors: temsirolimus (TM) and everolimus (EV). Its use is associated with metabolic dysfunction, especially with everolimus: hyperglycemia (37% TM treated pts vs 72% EV treated pts), hypercholesterolemia (25% TM treated pts vs 81% EV treated pts) and hypertriglyceridemia (30% TM treated pts vs 73% EV treated pts). Discontin...